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Getting a new roof\u00a0or\u00a0even\u00a0repairing\u00a0a\u00a0roof isn\u2019t something that happens every day. \u00a0The odds are it\u2019s just not something that you generally think about.<\/p>\n
At\u00a0Fortress Roofing<\/strong>\u00a0we pride ourselves on being among the most knowledgeable and respected home improvement contractors in Utah.<\/p>\n Below you will find a list of common Roofing terms and definitions along with some drawings to help you get a little more familiar with your roof.<\/p>\n \t\t\t\t Algae discoloration:<\/strong>\u00a0A type of roof discoloration caused by algae. Commonly called fungus growth.<\/p>\n Asphalt:<\/strong>\u00a0A bituminous waterproofing agent applied to roofing materials during manufacturing.<\/p>\n Asphalt plastic roofing cement:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt-based cement used to bond roofing materials. Also known as flashing cement or mastic; should conform to ASTM D-4586.<\/p>\n Back Surfacing:<\/strong>\u00a0Fine mineral matter applied to the back side of shingles to keep them from sticking.<\/p>\n Base flashing:<\/strong>\u00a0That portion of the flashing attached to or resting on the deck to direct the flow of water onto the roof covering.<\/p>\n Blisters:<\/strong>\u00a0Bubbles that may appear on the surface of asphalt roofing after installation.<\/p>\n Built-up roof:<\/strong>\u00a0A flat or low-sloped roof consisting of multiple layers of asphalt and ply sheets.<\/p>\n Bundle:<\/strong>\u00a0A package of shingles. There are 3, 4 or 5 bundles per square.<\/p>\n Butt edge:<\/strong>\u00a0The lower edge of the shingle tabs.<\/p>\n Caulk:<\/strong>\u00a0To fill a joint with mastic or asphalt cement to prevent leaks.<\/p>\n Chalk line:<\/strong>\u00a0A line made on the roof by snapping a taut string or cord dusted with chalk. Used for alignment purposes.<\/p>\n Class \u201cA\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0The highest fire-resistance rating for roofing as per ASTM E-108. Indicates roofing is able to withstand severe exposure to fire originating from sources outside the building.<\/p>\n Class \u201cB\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0Fire-resistance rating that indicates roofing materials are able to withstand moderate exposure to fire originating from sources outside the building.<\/p>\n Class \u201cC\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0Fire-resistance rating that indicates roofing materials are able to withstand light exposure to fire originating from sources outside the building.<\/p>\n Closed cut valley:<\/strong>\u00a0A method of valley treatment in which shingles from one side of the valley extend across the valley while shingles from the other side are trimmed two inches from the valley centerline. The valley flashing is not exposed.<\/p>\n Coating:<\/strong>\u00a0A layer of viscous asphalt applied to the base material into which granules or other surfacing is embedded.<\/p>\n Collar:<\/strong>\u00a0Pre-formed flange placed over a vent pipe to seal the roof around the vent pipe opening. Also called a vent sleeve.<\/p>\n Concealed nail method:<\/strong>\u00a0Application of roll roofing in which all nails are driven into the underlying course of roofing and covered by a cemented, overlapping course. Nails are not exposed to the weather.<\/p>\n Condensation:<\/strong>\u00a0The change of water from vapor to liquid when warm, moisture-laden air comes in contact with a cold surface.<\/p>\n Counter flashing:<\/strong>\u00a0That portion of the flashing attached to a vertical surface to prevent water from migrating behind the base flashing.<\/p>\n Course:<\/strong>\u00a0A row of shingles or roll roofing running the length of the roof.<\/p>\n Coverage:<\/strong>\u00a0Amount of weather protection provided by the roofing material. Depends on number of layers of material between the exposed surface of the roofing and the deck; i.e., single coverage, double coverage, etc.<\/p>\n Deck:<\/strong>\u00a0The surface installed over the supporting framing members to which the roofing is applied.<\/p>\n Dormer:<\/strong>\u00a0A framed window unit projecting through the sloping plane of a roof.<\/p>\n Downspout:<\/strong>\u00a0A pipe for draining water from roof gutters. Also called a leader.<\/p>\n Drip edge:<\/strong>\u00a0A non-corrosive, non-staining material used along the eaves and rakes to allow water run-off to drip clear of underlying construction.<\/p>\n Eaves:<\/strong>\u00a0The horizontal, lower edge of a sloped roof.<\/p>\n Eaves flashing:<\/strong>\u00a0Additional layer of roofing material applied at the eaves to help prevent damage from water back-up.<\/p>\n Edging strips:<\/strong>\u00a0Boards nailed along eaves and rakes after cutting back existing wood shingles to provide secure edges for reroofing with asphalt shingles.<\/p>\n Ell:<\/strong>\u00a0An extension of a building at right angles to its length.<\/p>\n Felt:<\/strong>\u00a0Fibrous material saturated with asphalt and used as an underlayment or sheathing paper.<\/p>\n Fiber glass mat:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt roofing base material manufactured from glass fibers.<\/p>\n Flashing:<\/strong>\u00a0Pieces of metal or roll roofing used to prevent seepage of water into a building around any intersection or projection in a roof such as vent pipes, chimneys, adjoining walls, dormers and valleys. Galvanized metal flashing should be minimum 26-gauge.<\/p>\n Flashing Cement:<\/strong>\u00a0See asphalt plastic roofing cement.<\/p>\n Gable:<\/strong>\u00a0The upper portion of a sidewall that comes to a triangular point at the ridge of a sloping roof.<\/p>\n Gable roof:<\/strong>\u00a0A type of roof containing sloping planes of the same pitch on each side of the ridge. Contains a gable at each end.<\/p>\n Gambrel roof:<\/strong>\u00a0A type of roof containing two sloping planes of different pitch on each side of the ridge. The lower plane has a steeper slope than the upper. Contains a gable at each end.<\/p>\n Gutter:<\/strong>\u00a0The trough that channels water from the eaves to the downspouts.<\/p>\n Head lap:<\/strong>\u00a0Shortest distance from the butt edge of an overlapping shingle to the upper edge of a shingle in the second course below. The triple coverage portion of the top lap of strip shingles.<\/p>\n Hip:<\/strong>\u00a0The inclined external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes. Runs from the ridge to the eaves.<\/p>\n Hip roof:<\/strong>\u00a0A type of roof containing sloping planes of the same pitch on each of four sides. Contains no gables.<\/p>\n Hip shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Shingles used to cover the inclined external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.<\/p>\n Ice dam:<\/strong>\u00a0Condition formed at the lower roof edge by the thawing and re-freezing of melted snow on the overhang. Can force water up and under shingles, causing leaks.<\/p>\n Interlocking shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Individual shingles that mechanically fasten to each other to provide wind resistance.<\/p>\n Laminated shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Strip shingles containing more than one layer of tabs to create extra thickness. Also called three-dimensional shingles.<\/p>\n Lap:<\/strong>\u00a0To cover the surface of one shingle or roll with another.<\/p>\n Mansard roof:<\/strong>\u00a0A type of roof containing two sloping planes of different pitch on each of four sides. The lower plane has a much steeper pitch than the upper, often approaching vertical. Contains no gables.<\/p>\n Nesting:<\/strong>\u00a0A method of reroofing with new asphalt shingles over old shingles in which the top edge of the new shingle is butted against the bottom edge of the existing shingle tab.<\/p>\n Normal slope application:<\/strong>\u00a0Method of installing asphalt shingles on roof slopes between 4 inches and 21 inches per foot.<\/p>\n Open valley:<\/strong>\u00a0Method of valley construction in which shingles on both sides of the valley are trimmed along a chalk line snapped on each side of the valley. Shingles do not extend across the valley. Valley flashing is exposed.<\/p>\n Organic felt:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt roofing base material manufactured from cellulose fibers.<\/p>\n Overhang:<\/strong>\u00a0That portion of the roof structure that extends beyond the exterior walls of a building.<\/p>\n Pallets:<\/strong>\u00a0Wooden platforms used for storing and shipping bundles of shingles.<\/p>\n Pitch:<\/strong>\u00a0The degree of roof incline expressed as the ratio of the rise, in feet, to the span, in feet.<\/p>\n Plastic Cement:<\/strong>\u00a0A compound used to seal flashings and in some cases to seal down shingles as well as for other small waterproofing jobs. Where plastic cement is required for sealing down shingles, use a dab about the size of a quarter unless otherwise specified.<\/p>\n Ply:<\/strong>\u00a0The number of layers of roofing: i.e. one-ply, two-ply.<\/p>\n Quick-setting cement:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt-based cement used to adhere tabs of strip shingles to the course below. Also used to adhere roll roofing laps applied by the concealed nail method.<\/p>\n Rafter:<\/strong>\u00a0The supporting framing member immediately beneath the deck, sloping from the ridge to the wall plate.<\/p>\n Rake:<\/strong>\u00a0The inclined edge of a sloped roof over a wall from the eave to the ridge.<\/p>\n Release tape:<\/strong>\u00a0A plastic or paper strip that is applied to the back of self-sealing shingles. This strip prevents the shingles from sticking together in the bundles, and need not be removed for application.<\/p>\n Ridge:<\/strong>\u00a0The uppermost, horizontal external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.<\/p>\n Ridge shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Shingles used to cover the horizontal external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.<\/p>\n Rise:<\/strong>\u00a0The vertical distance from the eaves line to the ridge.<\/p>\n Roofing tape:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt-saturated tape used with asphalt cements for flashing and patching asphalt roofing.<\/p>\n Run:<\/strong>\u00a0The horizontal distance from the eaves to a point directly under the ridge. One half the span.<\/p>\n Saturated felt:<\/strong>\u00a0An asphalt-impregnated felt used as an underlayment between the deck and the roofing material.<\/p>\n Self-sealing shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Shingles containing factory-applied strips or spots of self-sealing adhesive.<\/p>\n Self-sealing strip or spot:<\/strong>\u00a0Factory-applied adhesive that bonds shingle courses together when exposed to the heat of the sun after application.<\/p>\n Shading:<\/strong>\u00a0Slight differences in shingle color that may occur as a result of normal manufacturing operations.<\/p>\n Sheathing:<\/strong>\u00a0Exterior grade boards used as a roof deck material.<\/p>\n Single coverage:<\/strong>\u00a0Asphalt roofing that provides one layer of roofing material over the deck.<\/p>\n Slope:<\/strong>\u00a0The degree of roof incline expressed as the ratio of the rise, in inches, to the run, in feet.<\/p>\n Soffit:<\/strong>\u00a0The finished underside of the eaves.<\/p>\n Soil stack:<\/strong>\u00a0A vent pipe that penetrates the roof.<\/p>\n Span:<\/strong>\u00a0The horizontal distance from eaves to eaves.<\/p>\n Specialty eaves flashing membrane:<\/strong>\u00a0A self-adhering, waterproofing shingle underlayment designed to protect against water infiltration due to ice dams or wind driven rain.<\/p>\n Square:<\/strong>\u00a0A unit of roof measure covering 100 square feet.<\/p>\n Starter strip:<\/strong>\u00a0Asphalt roofing applied at the eaves that provides protection by filling in the spaces under the cutouts and joints of the first course of shingles.<\/p>\n Steep slope application:<\/strong>\u00a0Method of installing asphalt shingles on roof slopes greater than 21 inches per foot.<\/p>\n Step flashing:<\/strong>\u00a0Flashing application method used where a vertical surface meets a sloping roof plane.<\/p>\n Strip shingles:<\/strong>\u00a0Asphalt shingles that are approximately three times as long as they are wide.<\/p>\n Tab:<\/strong>\u00a0The exposed portion of strip shingles defined by cutouts.<\/p>\n Telegraphing:<\/strong>\u00a0A shingle distortion that may arise when a new roof is applied over an uneven surface.<\/p>\n Three-tab shingle:<\/strong>\u00a0The most popular type of asphalt shingle usually 12\u2033 x 36\u2033 in size with three tabs.<\/p>\n Top lap:<\/strong>\u00a0That portion of the roofing covered by the succeeding course after installation.<\/p>\n UL label:<\/strong>\u00a0Label displayed on packaging to indicate the level of fire and\/or wind resistance of asphalt roofing.<\/p>\n Underlayment:\u00a0<\/strong>A layer of asphalt saturated (sometimes referred to as tar paper) which is laid down on a bare deck before shingles are installed to provide additional protection for the deck.<\/p>\n Valley:<\/strong>\u00a0The internal angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes to provide water runoff.<\/p>\n Vapor retarder:<\/strong>\u00a0Any material used to prevent the passage of water vapor.<\/p>\n Vent:<\/strong>\u00a0Any outlet for air that protrudes through the roof deck such as a pipe or stack. Any device installed on the roof, gable or soffit for the purpose of ventilating the underside of the roof deck.<\/p>\n Woven Valley:<\/strong>\u00a0Method of valley construction in which shingles from both sides of the valley extend across the valley and are woven together by overlapping alternate courses as they are applied. The valley flashing is not exposed.<\/p>\n \t\t\t\t Fortress Roofing will perform a no obligation estimate for needed repairs or replacement. To arrange for your free inspection, just fill out the form below. A Fortress Roofing Expert will call you back within 24 hours to schedule your on-site inspection.<\/p>\n If you prefer to talk please call 801-205-6100. You will be greeted by Kim, who is always working to make you smile.<\/p>\n Thank you for your interest. For questions or comments, please use the information below. We hope to have the opportunity to work with you!<\/p>\n PHONE HOURS:<\/strong> PHONE NUMBER:<\/strong> SERVING UTAH’S WASATCH FRONT:<\/strong>![\"Roofing](\"https:\/\/www.fortressroofingutah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/roofing-definitions.jpg\")
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